RATS

GeneDescriptionAvailable from:Earliest publication
Tlr4 KOGlobal KO of toll-like receptor 4Rat Resource & Research Center strain 00694 Ferguson C, McKay M, Harris RA, Homanics GE (2013) Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) knockout rats produced by transcriptional activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated gene inactivation. Alcohol 47:595-599
Grm8 KOGlobal KO of glutamate metabotropic receptor 8Rat Resource & Research Center strain 00744 Unpublished
Htr7 KOGlobal KO of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7Rat Resource & Research Center strain 00745Unpublished
LRAPLocus Regulating Alcohol PreferenceBoris Tabakoff, PhD; University of Colorado (Boris.Tabakoff@ucdenver.edu)Saba, L.M., Hoffman, P.L., Homanics, G.E., Mahaffey, S., Daulatabad, S.V., Janga, S.C., and Tabakoff, B. (2021). A Long Non-Coding RNA (LRAP) Modulates Brain Gene Expression and Levels of Alcohol Consumption in Rats. Genes Brain Behav 20: e12698.

MICE

GeneDescriptionAvailable from:Earliest publication
Ape1 KOFloxed apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (also known as redox effector factor 1 : Ref1)Jun Chen; University of Pittsburgh
(chenj2@upmc.edu)
Stetler RA, Gao Y, Leak RK, Weng Z, Shi Y, Zhang L, Pu H, Zhang F, Hu X, Hassan S, Ferguson C, Homanics GE, Cao G, Bennett MV, Chen J (2016) APE1/Ref-1 facilitates recovery of gray and white matter and neurological function after mild stroke injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 113:E3558-E3567
Apob KOGlobal apolipoprotein B100 KOJAX Stock No: 2053Homanics GE; Smith TJ; Zhang SH; Lee D; Young SG; Maeda N. 1993. Targeted modification of the apolipoprotein B gene results in hypobetalipoproteinemia and developmental abnormalities in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90(6):2389-93
Bka-FAP tagKcnma1 (BKa) Knockin tagged with FAPJAX Stock No: 31059Pratt CP, Kuljis DA, Homanics GE, He J, Kolodieznyi D, Dudem S, Hollywood MA, Barth AL, Bruchez MP (2017) Tagging of endogenous BK channels with a fluorogen-activating peptide reveals beta4-mediated control of channel clustering in cerebellum. Front Cell Neurosci 11:337. PMCID: PMC PMC5671578
Blmh KOGlobal KO of bleomycin hydrolaseJAX Stock No: 3509Schwartz DR, Homanics GE, Hoyt DG, Kline E, Abernathy J, Lazo JS (1999) The neutral cysteine protease bleomycin hydrolase is essential for epidermal integrity and bleomycin resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:4680-4685. 
Chrna4 T529A KIThreonine 529 to alanine KI; Nicotinic acetylchone receptor alpha 4 subunitJerry Stitzel; University of Colorado Boulder (stitzel@colorado.edu)Wilking JA, Hesterberg KG, Crouch EL, Homanics GE, Stitzel JA (2010) Chrna4 A529 knock-in mice exhibit altered nicotine sensitivity. Pharmacogenet Genomics 20:121-130
Dbt KOMaple Syrup Urine Disease model; dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 KO plus tetracycline regulated expression of Dbt in liverJAX Stock No: 06999Homanics GE; Skvorak K; Ferguson C; Watkins S; Paul HS. 2006. Production and characterization of murine models of classic and intermediate maple syrup urine disease. BMC Med Genet 7:33
Gabra1 floxedFloxed GABAa-R alpha 1 subunitJAX Stock No: 004318Vicini S; Ferguson C; Prybylowski K; Kralic J; Morrow AL; Homanics GE. 2001. GABA(A) receptor alpha1 subunit deletion prevents developmental changes of inhibitory synaptic currents in cerebellar neurons. J Neurosci 21(9):3009-16
Gabra1 S270A KISerine 270 to alanine knockin; GABAa-R alpha 1 subunitNo longer available.Homanics GE, Elsen FP, Jenkins A, Ferguson C, Sloat B, Yuditskaya S, Kralic J, Morrow AL, Harrison NL; 2005. A gain-of-function mutation in the GABAA receptor produces synaptic and behavioral abnormalities in the mouse. Genes Brain Behav 4:10-19. 
Gabra1 S270A,L277A conditional KISerine 270 to alanine and leucine 277 to alanine conditional knockin; GABAa-R alpha 1 subunitNo longer available.Skvorak K, Vissel B, Homanics GE (2006) Production of conditional point mutant knockin mice. Genesis 44:345-353
Gabra1 S270A,L277A KISerine 270 to alanine and leucine 277 to alanine knockin; GABAa-R alpha 1 subunitJAX Stock No: 10948Borghese CM; Werner DF; Topf N; Baron NV; Henderson LA; Boehm SL 2nd; Blednov YA; Saad A; Dai S; Pearce RA; Harris RA; Homanics GE; Harrison NL. 2006. An isoflurane- and alcohol-insensitive mutant GABA(A) receptor alpha(1) subunit with near-normal apparent affinity for GABA: characterization in heterologous systems and production of knockin mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 319(1):208-18
Gabra2 S270A,L277A KISerine 270 to alanine and leucine 277 to alanine knockin; GABAa-R alpha 2 subunitJAX Stock No: 12942Werner DF; Swihart A; Rau V; Jia F; Borghese CM; McCracken ML; Iyer S; Fanselow MS; Oh I; Sonner JM; Eger EI 2nd; Harrison NL; Harris RA; Homanics GE. 2011. Inhaled anesthetic responses of recombinant receptors and knockin mice harboring alpha2(S270H/L277A) GABA(A) receptor subunits that are resistant to isoflurane. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 336(1):134-44
Gabra2 intronic T KIT insertion upstream of Exon 5; GABAa-R alpha 2 subunitJAX Stock No: 034310Mulligan MK, Abreo T, Neuner SM, Parks C, Watkins CE, Houseal MT, Shapaker TM, Hook M, Tan H, Wang X, Ingels J, Peng J, Lu L, Kaczorowski CC, Bryant CD, Homanics GE, Williams RW (2019) Identification of a functional non-coding variant in the gabaa receptor α2 subunit of the C57BL/6J mouse reference genome: Major implications for neuroscience research. Frontiers in Genetics 10:188.
Gabra4 floxedFloxed GABAa-R alpha 4 subunitJAX Stock No: 6874Chandra D; Jia F; Liang J; Peng Z; Suryanarayanan A; Werner DF; Spigelman I; Houser CR; Olsen RW; Harrison NL; Homanics GE. 2006. GABAA receptor alpha 4 subunits mediate extrasynaptic inhibition in thalamus and dentate gyrus and the action of gaboxadol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(41):15230-
Gabra6 KOGlobal GABAa-R alpha 6 subunit KOJAX Stock No: 2710Homanics GE; Ferguson C; Quinlan JJ; Daggett J; Snyder K; Lagenaur C; Mi ZP; Wang XH; Grayson DR; Firestone LL. 1997. Gene knockout of the alpha6 subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor: lack of effect on responses to ethanol, pentobarbital, and general anesthetics. Mol Pharmacol 51(4):588-96
Gabrb2 N265MAsparagine 265 to methionine KI; GABAa-R beta 2 subunitRobert Pearce; University of Wisconsin (rapearce@wisc.edu)Figueroa, A.G., Benkwitz, C., Surges, G., Kunz, N., Homanics, G.E., and Pearce, R.A. (2021). Hippocampal beta2-GABAA receptors mediate LTP suppression by etomidate and contribute to long-lasting feedback but not feedforward inhibition of pyramidal neurons. J Neurophysiol 126, 1090-1100.
Gabrb3 floxedFloxed GABAa-R beta 3 subunitJAX Stock No: 8310Ferguson C; Hardy SL; Werner DF; Hileman SM; Delorey TM; Homanics GE. 2007. New insight into the role of the beta3 subunit of the GABAA-R in development, behavior, body weight regulation, and anesthesia revealed by conditional gene knockout. BMC Neurosci 8:85
Gabrb3 KOGlobal GABAa-R beta 3 subunit KOJAX Stock No: 2711Homanics GE; DeLorey TM; Firestone LL; Quinlan JJ; Handforth A ; Harrison NL ; Krasowski MD ; Rick CE ; Korpi ER ; Makela R ; Brilliant MH ; Hagiwara N ; Ferguson C ; Snyder K ; Olsen RW. 1997. Mice devoid of gamma-aminobutyrate type A receptor beta3 subunit have epilepsy, cleft palate, and hypersensitive behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(8):4143-8
Gabrd KOGlobal GABAa-R delta subunit KOJAX Stock No: 3725Mihalek RM; Banerjee PK; Korpi ER; Quinlan JJ; Firestone LL; Mi ZP; Lagenaur C; Tretter V; Sieghart W; Anagnostaras SG; Sage JR; Fanselow MS; Guidotti A; Spigelman I; Li Z; DeLorey TM; Olsen RW; Homanics GE. 1999. Attenuated sensitivity to neuroactive steroids in gamma-aminobutyrate type A receptor delta subunit knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(22):12905-10
Gabrg2 knockdownGlobal GABAa-R gamma 2 subunit knockdownNo longer available.Chandra D, Korpi ER, Miralles CP, de Blas AL, Homanics GE (2005) GABAa receptor γ2 subunit knockdown mice have enhanced anxiety-like behavior but unaltered hypnotic response to benzodiazepines. BMC Neurosci 6:30
Gabrg2 KOGlobal GABAa-R gamma 2 long subunit KOJAX Stock No: 3137Homanics GE; Harrison NL; Quinlan JJ; Krasowski MD; Rick CE; de Blas AL ; Mehta AK ; Kist F ; Mihalek RM ; Aul JJ ; Firestone LL. 1999. Normal electrophysiological and behavioral responses to ethanol in mice lacking the long splice variant of the gamma2 subunit of the gamma-aminobutyrate type A receptor. Neuropharmacology 38(2):253-65
Gabrr1 T6'Y KIThreonine at 6' of the 2nd transmembrane domain to tyrosine knockin; GABAa-R rho1 subunitJAX Stock No: 030858Blednov YA, Borghese CM, Ruiz CI, Cullins MA, Da Costa A, Osterndorff-Kahanek EA, Homanics GE, Harris RA (2017) Mutation of the inhibitory ethanol site in GABAA ρ1 receptors promotes tolerance to ethanol-induced motor incoordination. Neuropharmacology 123:201-209.
Glra1 KK385-386AA KILysine 385 and 386 to alanine knockin; Glycine receptor alpha 1 subunitJAX Stock No: 23516Aguayo LG, Castro P, Mariqueo T, Munoz B, Xiong W, Zhang L, Lovinger DM, Homanics GE (2014) Altered sedative effects of ethanol in mice with alpha1 glycine receptor subunits that are insensitive to Gβγ modulation. Neuropsychopharmacology 39:2538-2548
Glra1 M287L KIMethionine 287 to leucine KI; Glycine receptor alpha 1 subunitJAX Stock No: 17522Borghese CM, Blednov YA, Quan Y, Iyer SV, Xiong W, Mihic SJ, Zhang L, Lovinger DM, Trudell JR, Homanics GE, Harris RA (2012) Characterization of two mutations, M287L and Q266I, in the α1 glycine receptor subunit that modify sensitivity to alcohols. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 340:304-316
Glra1 Q266I KIGlutamine 266 to isoleucine KI; Glycine receptor alpha 1 subunitJAX Stock No: 17521Borghese CM, Blednov YA, Quan Y, Iyer SV, Xiong W, Mihic SJ, Zhang L, Lovinger DM, Trudell JR, Homanics GE, Harris RA (2012) Characterization of two mutations, M287L and Q266I, in the α1 glycine receptor subunit that modify sensitivity to alcohols. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 340:304-316
Glra1 S267Q KISerine 267 to glutamine KI; Glycine receptor alpha 1 subunitNo longer available.Findlay GS, Phelan R, Roberts MT, Homanics GE, Bergeson SE, Lopreato GF, Mihic SJ, Blednov YA, Harris RA (2003) Glycine receptor knock-in mice and hyperekplexia-like phenotypes: comparisons with the null mutant. J Neurosci 23:8051-8059. 
Glra1 S296A KISerine 296 to alanine KI; Glycine receptor alpha 1 subunitLi Zhang; NIAAA (lzhang@mail.nih.gov)Lu J, Fan S, Zou G, Hou Y, Pan T, Guo W, Yao L, Du F, Homanics GE, Liu D, Zhang L, Xiong W (2018) Involvement of glycine receptor alpha1 subunits in cannabinoid-induced analgesia. Neuropharmacology 133:224-232.
Glra2 KR389-390AA KILysine 389 and Arginine 390 to alanine knockin; Glycine receptor alpha 2 subunitLuis Aguayo; University of Concepcion (luisagua@gmail.com)Gallegos S, San Martin L, Araya A, Lovinger DM, Homanics GE Aguayo LG (2021) Reduced sedation and increased ethanol consumption in knock-in mice expressing an ethanol insensitive alpha 2 subunit of the glycine receptor. Neuropsychopharmacology 46: 528-536.
GluN1 F639A KIPhenylalanine 639 to alanine KI; Glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptorJohn Woodward; Medical University of South Carolina (woodward@musc.edu)den Hartog CR, Beckley JT, Smothers TC, Lench DH, Holseberg ZL, Fedarovich H, Gilstrap MJ, Homanics GE, Woodward JJ (2013) Alterations in ethanol-induced behaviors and consumption in knock-in mice expressing ethanol-resistant NMDA receptors. PLoS One 8:e80541
GluN2A A825W KIAlanine 825 to tryptophan KI; Glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptorJohn Woodward; Medical University of South Carolina (woodward@musc.edu)Zamudio, P., Smothers, C.T., Homanics, G., and Woodward, J.J. (2020). Knock-in mice expressing an ethanol-resistant GluN2A NMDA receptor subunit show altered responses to ethanol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 44: 479-491.
Gpr3 HA tagGpr3 N terminus HA tagAmantha Thathiah
(amantha@pitt.edu)
Huang, Y., Rafael Guimarães, T., Todd, N., Ferguson, C., Weiss, K. M., Stauffer, F. R., McDermott, B., Hurtle, B. T., Saito, T., Saido, T. C., MacDonald, M. L., Homanics, G. E., & Thathiah, A. (2022). G protein-biased GPR3 signaling ameliorates amyloid pathology in a preclinical Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(40), e2204828119.

Gpr3 phosphorylation deficient mutant (S316A, T317A, S318A, S324A, S326A, S328A)Gpr3 C terminus Alanine substitutions of six Serine/Threonine residuesAmantha Thathiah
(amantha@pitt.edu)
Huang, Y., Rafael Guimarães, T., Todd, N., Ferguson, C., Weiss, K. M., Stauffer, F. R., McDermott, B., Hurtle, B. T., Saito, T., Saido, T. C., MacDonald, M. L., Homanics, G. E., & Thathiah, A. (2022). G protein-biased GPR3 signaling ameliorates amyloid pathology in a preclinical Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(40), e2204828119.

Grm2 floxedFloxed Grm 2 (aka glutamate metabotropic receptor 2)JAX Stock No: 038874 Chang DS, Littlepage-Saunders M, Hochstein MJ, Matteo CJ, Amelga K, Homanics GE, Johnson KA (2023) Assessment of behavioral flexibility in mice with conditional deletion of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 from Emx1 lineage neurons. bioRxiv:2023.2009.2015.558004.
Kalrn PT KIProline to threonine KI; KalirinMelanie Grubisha: University of Pittsburgh (grubisham@upmc.edu)Grubisha, M.J., Sun, T., Eisenman, L., Erickson, S.L., Chou, S.Y., Helmer, C.D., Trudgen, M.T., Ding, Y., Homanics, G.E., Penzes, P., et al. (2021). A Kalirin missense mutation enhances dendritic RhoA signaling and leads to regression of cortical dendritic arbors across development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 118, e2022546118.
Kor-Cre KIKI of cre recombinase into the kappa opioid receptor geneSarah Ross; University of Pittsburgh (saross@pitt.edu)Cai X, Huang H, Kuzirian MS, Snyder LM, Matsushita M, Lee MC, Ferguson C, Homanics GE, Barth AL, Ross SE (2016) Generation of a KOR-Cre knockin mouse strain to study cells involved in kappa opioid signaling. Genesis 54:29-37
LipcGlobal hepatic lipase KOJAX Stock No: 2056Homanics GE; de Silva HV; Osada J; Zhang SH; Wong H; Borensztajn J; Maeda N. 1995. Mild dyslipidemia in mice following targeted inactivation of the hepatic lipase gene. J Biol Chem 270(7):2974-80
Map2 S1782ESerine to glutamic acid KI; Microtubule-associated protein 2JAX Stock No: 2056Grubisha, M.J., Sun, X., MacDonald, M.L., Garver, M., Sun, Z., Paris, K.A., Patel, D.S., DeGiosio, R.A., Lewis, D.A., Yates, N.A., et al. (2021). MAP2 is differentially phosphorylated in schizophrenia, altering its function. Mol Psychiatry 26, 5371-5388.
Mecp2 A140V KIAlanine 140 to valine KI; Methy-CpG binding protein 2; Rhett syndrome modelVinodh Narayanan; Translational Genomics Research Institute (vnarayanan2@tgen.org)Jentarra GM, Olfers SL, Rice SG, Srivastava N, Homanics GE, Blue M, Naidu S, Narayanan V (2010) Abnormalities of cell packing density and dendritic complexity in the MeCP2 A140V mouse model of Rett syndrome/X-linked mental retardation. BMC Neurosci 11:19
Ptp4a3 KOFloxed protein tyrosine phosphatase 4a3JAX Stock No: 21159Zimmerman MW, Homanics GE, Lazo JS (2013) Targeted deletion of the metastasis-associated phosphatase Ptp4a3 (PRL-3) suppresses murine colon cancer. PLoS One 8:e58300. PMCID: PMC 3610886
Scn4b KOFloxed sodium channel, type IV, beta subunitJAX Stock No: 027530Ji X, Saha S, Gao G, Lasek AW, Homanics GE, Guildford M, Tapper AR, Martin GE (2017) The sodium channel β4 auxiliary subunit selectively controls long-term depression in core nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 11:17
Tlr3 floxedFloxed Toll like receptor-3JAX Stock No: 038754 Dilly GA, Blednov YA, Warden AS, Ezerskiy L, Fleischer C, Plotkin JD, Patil S, Osterndorff-Kahanek EA, Mayfield J, Mayfield RD, Homanics GE, Messing RO (2024) Knockdown of Tlr3 in dorsal striatum reduces ethanol consumption and acute functional tolerance in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 118:437-448.
Tpi1 KOTriosephosphate isomerase KO; Tpi deficiency modelMichael Palladino; University of Pittsburgh (mjp44@pitt.edu)Myers, T.D., Ferguson, C., Gliniak, E., Homanics, G.E., and Palladino, M.J. (2022). Murine model of triosephosphate isomerase deficiency with anemia and severe neuromuscular dysfunction. Current Research in Neurobiology 3, 100062.
Tpi1 E105D KITriosephosphate isomerase glutamic acid 105 to aspartic acid KI; Tpi deficiency modelMichael Palladino; University of Pittsburgh (mjp44@pitt.edu)Myers, T.D., Ferguson, C., Gliniak, E., Homanics, G.E., and Palladino, M.J. (2022). Murine model of triosephosphate isomerase deficiency with anemia and severe neuromuscular dysfunction. Current Research in Neurobiology 3, 100062.
Xdh KOFloxed xanthine dehydrogenase; aka, xanthine oxidaseEric E. Kelley; West Virginia University (eric.kelley@hsc.wvu.edu)Harmon DB, Mandler WK, Sipula IJ, Dedousis N, Lewis SE, Eckels JT, Du J, Wang Y, Huckestein BR, Pagano PJ, Ciefuentes-Pagano E, Homanics GE, Van't Erve TJ, Stefanovic-Racic M, Jurczak MJ, O'Doherty RM, Kelley EE (2019) Hepatocyte-specific ablation or whole body inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase in mice corrects obesity-induced systemic hyperuricemia without improving metabolic abnormalities. Diabetes 68: 1221-1229.